Jennifer Rowley is a professor of Information and Communications at Manchester Metropolitan University. Sally Sambrook is a professor of Human Resource Development at the Bangor Business School, Bangor University. Addresses for correspondence: Jennifer Rowley, Manchester Metropolitan University, Rosamund Street West, Manchester, M15 6BH, UK. Email: j.rowley@mmu.ac.uk; Sally Sambrook, Human Resource Development, Bangor University, Bangor Business School, Hen Goleg, College Road, Bangor, LL57 2DG, Northern Ireland. Email: abs803@bangor.ac.uk