过去分词专项练习

    过去分词两个显著的特点即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。如 fallen leaves 落叶   retired workers 退休工人 。过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用，表示“被动、完成”的意义，在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等。选择分词时，关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系，若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作，选用现在分词；若是被动动作，则选用过去分词。

过去分词用法总结如下：

一、表语:

1.The cup is broken.

2.The door remains locked.

3.She looked disappointed.

二、定语：

    要求学生必须掌握过去分词做定语的位置，告诉他们单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后，而过去分词短语作定语也要后置，即要放在被修饰词之后。

1.We needed much more qualified workers. ( 单个过去分词作定语)

2.The girl dressed in white is my daughter. ( 过去分词短语作定语)

3.Is there anything unsolved?

There is nothing changed here since I left this town.

(如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面)

4.This is a state-owned factory.

   This is a newly built building.

   Advertising is a highly developed industry.

 (单个过去分词与名词或副词构成复合形容词时，放在其修饰的名词前作前置定语)

三、宾语补足语：可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有：

1） see, hear, find, feel, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词

He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back

from abroad.

He once heard the song sung in German.

Everyone thought the match lost.

2) make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意义的动词：

      He’s going to have his hair cut.

      She had her foot injured in the fall.

    When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood.

      Please keep us informed of the latest developments.

       ( 请让我们了解最新的发展情况。)

四、状语：

The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.

Once seen, it can never be forgotten. =Once it is seen,

Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful = When it is

seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.

Given more time, we could do it much better. = If we were

given more time, we could do it much better.