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Successful implementation factors 普通类
The main purpose of this paper is to identify factors and conditions that are important for successful Implementation of computers in Iranian schools during one decade from 1995 to 2005. The second focus of this paper is to examine how these factors relate to models of implementation in other countries such as developed countries. This paper is written based on the results of three studies which had been done in 1995, 2000 and 2005. Participants were samples of different groups involved in the implementation process during these years. The data collected consisted of questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, policy documents. The results indicate that some factors were reported very important during one decade such as the role of situational factors such as traditional societies in transition. The most important factors of traditional societies in transition were included: socio-economic, socio-cultural factors and political stability. Article Outline
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Effectiveness of a Mobile Plant Learning 普通类
This study developed a Mobile Plant Learning System (MPLS) that provides instructors with the ways and means to facilitate student learning in an elementary-school-level botany course. The MPLS represented in this study was implemented to address problems that arise with the use of a didactic approach to teaching and learning botany, as is typically used in elementary schools in Taiwan. To extend opportunities for learning beyond the classroom, this study used personal digital assistants (PDAs) equipped with the MPLS, which provided both teachers and students access to plant information while in the field. A quasi-experimental research design was used to investigate the effectiveness of using the MPLS to support student learning. The responses to questionnaires and interviews indicate that students valued the outdoor learning activities made possible by use of the PDA and its functions. Pre- and post-test results demonstrated that students also benefitted academically from the use of the MPLS and the PDA.
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The quasimoderating effect of perceived 普通类
Perceived affective quality is an attractive area of research in Information System. Specifically, understanding the intrinsic and extrinsic individual factors and interaction effects that influence Information and Communications Technology (ICT) acceptance and adoption – in higher education – continues to be a focal interest in learning research. In this regard, one type of affective reactions toward ICT (in our study, the WebCT), perceived affective quality, is an essential dimension in user technology acceptance. A structural equation modelling, specifically partial least square (PLS), is proposed to assess the relationships between the constructs together with the predictive power of the research model. The results demonstrate that the research model significantly predicts the intention to use the WebCT. The results provide strong support for the proposals that (a) perceived usefulness, ease of use and flow lead the learners towards developing high intention to use the WebCT; and (b) perceived affective quality exhibits a relevant interaction effect on the model. This study, therefore, represents a “crucial test” of non-utilitarian influences on use of Web-based applications. The model and results can thus be used to assess motivational design aspects during electronic learning process.
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A preliminary exploration 普通类
This paper explores online instructors’ perceptions on teaching experiences occurring in their own countries. The interviewees are instructors who have taught online courses for more than two years. Eleven interview transcripts, obtained from online instructors from six countries (Australia, Canada, China, United Kingdom, United States and Taiwan) were analyzed by using open and axial coding. The analysis of data established categories of perceptions related to: teachers’ roles in the online environment, the methods for interacting with students, and teachers’ expectations for their future educational careers. Finally, three perspectives arose which adequately describe online instructors’ teaching experiences: interactive activities, evaluation criteria, and self-expectations. The study also reveals a link connecting those perspectives.
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Collaborative activities enabled 普通类
This paper describes the findings of an exploratory cycle of a design-based research project and examines the learning effectiveness of collaborative activities that are supported by the GroupScribbles (GS) software technology in two Singapore primary science classrooms. The students had ten weeks of GS-based lessons in science, which were co-designed by teachers and researchers to teach the curriculum by tapping on collaborative work in small groups as well as in the whole class. The results show that the GS classes performed better than non-GS classes as measured by traditional assessments. With GS, students were found to have more opportunities to participate in class discussions, and were exposed to diversified ideas. Analysis of data collected in the classroom as well as data on students’ attitudes and perceptions indicate that GS facilitated students’ collaborative learning, and improved students’ epistemology and attitudes toward science learning.
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Using computer supported collaborative 普通类
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of a proposed computer-based instructional method in Primary Education for self-regulated problem solving. The proposed instructional method is based on Sternberg’s model of problem solving within an authentic context. It consists of three main phases: observation, collaboration and semi-structured guidance. The ultimate learning objective is to augment the autonomous problem-solving skills of primary school children. In our study the Synergo tool was used, which is a synchronous computer supported collaborative learning tool, as well as the Moodle learning management system. The context which frames the method is authentic, very close to a students’ realistic learning situation. The findings of this study advocate that students can increase their problem-solving skills in a relatively short period of time. At the same time, they can improve their approach to the solution of a given mathematical problem, performing significant signs of autonomy.
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Looking back and looking forward 普通类
Looking back and looking forward
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Assessment of the effectiveness 普通类
The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the educational environment supported by computer aided presentations at primary school. The effectiveness of the environment has been evaluated in terms of students’ learning and remembering what they have learnt. In the study, we have compared experimental group and control group in terms of learning and recalling what has been learned regarding the effect which computer aided learning environment imposes. Data have been collected through the control grouped pretest–final test model. During the experiment, we have prepared an achievement test, which explains behaviors the students should acquire. According to the findings obtained, a computer aided educational environment has been observed to be more effective than that of conventional education in terms of learning. However, in terms of the permanence of what has been learned, no meaningful difference between the educational environment supported by computer aided presentations and that of conventional education has come out. According to the results of the follow-up tests performed, even though students in the test group have forgotten more of what they have learnt, it has been concluded that students in both groups have forgotten on the same level. Consequently, it has been observed that though the educational environment supported by computer aided presentations has positive contributions to learning activity, it does not have effects on the permanence of what has been learnt.
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Multimedia learning 普通类
In the wake of the information explosion and rapidly progressing technology [Mayer, R. E. (2001). Multimedia learning. Cambridge: University Press] formulated a theory that focused on human cognition, rather than technology capacity and features. By measuring the effect of cognitive individual differences and display design manipulations on performance, the current research evaluates the impact of multimedia combinations on college student transfer test performance. Results indicated that multimedia combination accounted for variance in transfer test scores beyond the impact of relevant cognitive individual differences. Findings demonstrated that text positioning and motion distraction accounted for the inferiority of transfer test performance in certain multimedia conditions. Research yields support for the notion that display design can split attention, increase cognitive load, and reduce transfer learning. Key design principles must be evaluated further before prescriptive guidelines for educational multimedia can be solidified.
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Learning objects in theory and practice 普通类
Drawing on the experience of development and use of a virtual learning environment (VLE) at a public Mexican university, this article explores the tension between the most common definitions and attributes of learning object (LO) in the mainstream literature, and the teacher’s practices around the creation and incorporation of LOs in the VLE. This experience shows that attempting to define LOs from strictly technical or industrial parameters might be limiting in the context of educational institutions, since teachers are developing and using LOs effectively, despite their little adherence to prescriptive definitions. Yet it is important to support teachers in order to take advantage of the interactive and multimedia potentialities afforded by this technology, instead of using it mostly for delivering static content.